UroToday.com - Fluorescence cystoscopy has been in use for over a decade in the diagnosis and follow-up of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Its clinical indications are the topic of international and national guidelines published in several countries across Europe. In the Netherlands, for example, the use of fluorescence cystoscopy for carcinoma in situ (CIS) is recommended. However, many of us who specialise in the diagnosis and management of bladder cancer have been confronted by the lack of an overall European consensus on the role of fluorescence cystoscopy in the clinic...
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