I need homework help with Music Theory! Can you tell me what the roman numeral...

ellenoid

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...labeing means? I am doing chord voicings in music theory but have a teacher who does not know how to expain things effectivey. We are filling in the alto and tenor voices with the soprano and bass given, and then we are instructed to label the key and the roman numera. So far, we are just using V and I. Now, I understand that in a triad, 1 is the root note, 3 is is third, and 5 (V) is the fifth, as in CEG.

But I don't understand the purpose of labeling, and I don't understand what we are actually labeling in the given triad. What IS the roman numeral referring to, and how do I determine it? The book doesn't help.

Here's an example. If we are given soprano C and bass C, we need to fill in an E and a G. (The bass note determines the root of the triad.) So we could do alto G and tenor E. Now, am I supposed to figure out the roman numeral based on the ORDER of the notes, which would be CGEC? I don't even know if that makes sense! I'm so confused!
 
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