AlexFrenadez
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- Jun 17, 2010
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descendants of the target pes? 1. According to Figure 14-4, the correct chronological order of organisms as they develop are _____.
(1 point)
birds, dinosaurs, jawed fish, prokaryotes
dinosaurs, jawed fish, birds, prokaryotes
jawed fish, dinosaurs, prokaryotes, birds
prokaryotes, jawed fish, dinosaurs, birds
2. Within a decade of the introduction of a new insecticide, nearly all of the descendants of the target pests were immune to the usual-sized dose. The most likely explanation for this immunity to the insecticide is that _____. (1 point)
eating the insecticide caused the bugs to become resistant to it
eating the insecticide caused the bugs to become less resistant to it
it destroyed organisms that cause disease in the insects, thus allowing them to live longer
the pests developed physiological adaptations to the insecticide
3. Structures that have a similar evolutionary origin and structure but are adapted for different purposes, such as a bat wing and a human arm, are called _____. (1 point)
embryological structures
analogous structures
homologous structures
homozygous structures
4. A pattern of evolution that results when two unrelated species begin to appear similar because of environmental conditions is _____. (1 point)
disruptive selection
convergent evolution
directional selection
divergent evolution
5. _____ selection favors one extreme form of a trait in a population. (1 point)
Directional
Stabilizing
Disruptive
Natural
6. What is the movement of genes into and out of a gene pool called? (1 point)
random mating
nonrandom mating
gene flow
direct evolution
7. Which combination of characteristics in a population would provide the greatest potential for evolutionary change? (1 point)
small population, few mutations
small population, many mutations
large population, few mutations
large population, many mutations
8. The structures shown in Figure 15-5 are _____.
(1 point)
homologous
heterologous
analogous
vestigial
9. The first hominids to make and use simple stone tools were _____. (1 point)
Homo sapiens
Homo habilis
Australopithecus afarensis
Australopithecus africanus
10. The major anatomical difference between hominids and the apes is that the foramen magnum is _____ in hominids. (1 point)
less developed
located at the bottom of the skull
thicker
all of these
11. It has been determined that the earliest primates probably lived in the _____. (1 point)
grasslands
mountains
forests
deserts
12. Why might the beak of the Akialoa, pictured in Figure 15-7, have developed this way?
(1 point)
to reach nectar in flowers
to dig through tree bark for insects
to scoop up fish
to crack open seeds
13. Most early hominid fossils have been found in _____. (1 point)
Egypt
France
Africa
North America
14. Some primate skeletons were located in a cave in association with these things: a variety of tools, the charred bones of some animals they had cooked and eaten, and numerous paintings on the walls. Carbon-14 dating techniques determined that the bones and other artifacts were about 35,000 years old. The skeletal remains probably belonged to _____. (1 point)
afarensis
Homo habilis
Cro-Magnons
Homo erectus
15. Which characteristic of the skulls in figure 16-4 shows an increase in intelligence?
(1 point)
increased brain cavity size
decreased teeth size
smaller eye sockets
rounder jaw
16. The placing of information or objects into groups based on certain similarities is _____. (1 point)
biochemical analysis
classification
phylogeny
speciation
17. The science of grouping and naming organisms is _____. (1 point)
classification
phylogeny
nomenclature
taxonomy
Note: Your teacher will grade your responses to questions 18–21 to ensure you receive proper credit for your answers.
18. How do scientists learn about organisms of the past when studying fossils? (2 points)
19. Summarize Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. (2 points)
20. Describe three adaptations primates have for dwelling in trees. (3 points)
21. What are three advantages of using scientific names for organisms? (3 points)
(1 point)
birds, dinosaurs, jawed fish, prokaryotes
dinosaurs, jawed fish, birds, prokaryotes
jawed fish, dinosaurs, prokaryotes, birds
prokaryotes, jawed fish, dinosaurs, birds
2. Within a decade of the introduction of a new insecticide, nearly all of the descendants of the target pests were immune to the usual-sized dose. The most likely explanation for this immunity to the insecticide is that _____. (1 point)
eating the insecticide caused the bugs to become resistant to it
eating the insecticide caused the bugs to become less resistant to it
it destroyed organisms that cause disease in the insects, thus allowing them to live longer
the pests developed physiological adaptations to the insecticide
3. Structures that have a similar evolutionary origin and structure but are adapted for different purposes, such as a bat wing and a human arm, are called _____. (1 point)
embryological structures
analogous structures
homologous structures
homozygous structures
4. A pattern of evolution that results when two unrelated species begin to appear similar because of environmental conditions is _____. (1 point)
disruptive selection
convergent evolution
directional selection
divergent evolution
5. _____ selection favors one extreme form of a trait in a population. (1 point)
Directional
Stabilizing
Disruptive
Natural
6. What is the movement of genes into and out of a gene pool called? (1 point)
random mating
nonrandom mating
gene flow
direct evolution
7. Which combination of characteristics in a population would provide the greatest potential for evolutionary change? (1 point)
small population, few mutations
small population, many mutations
large population, few mutations
large population, many mutations
8. The structures shown in Figure 15-5 are _____.
(1 point)
homologous
heterologous
analogous
vestigial
9. The first hominids to make and use simple stone tools were _____. (1 point)
Homo sapiens
Homo habilis
Australopithecus afarensis
Australopithecus africanus
10. The major anatomical difference between hominids and the apes is that the foramen magnum is _____ in hominids. (1 point)
less developed
located at the bottom of the skull
thicker
all of these
11. It has been determined that the earliest primates probably lived in the _____. (1 point)
grasslands
mountains
forests
deserts
12. Why might the beak of the Akialoa, pictured in Figure 15-7, have developed this way?
(1 point)
to reach nectar in flowers
to dig through tree bark for insects
to scoop up fish
to crack open seeds
13. Most early hominid fossils have been found in _____. (1 point)
Egypt
France
Africa
North America
14. Some primate skeletons were located in a cave in association with these things: a variety of tools, the charred bones of some animals they had cooked and eaten, and numerous paintings on the walls. Carbon-14 dating techniques determined that the bones and other artifacts were about 35,000 years old. The skeletal remains probably belonged to _____. (1 point)
afarensis
Homo habilis
Cro-Magnons
Homo erectus
15. Which characteristic of the skulls in figure 16-4 shows an increase in intelligence?
(1 point)
increased brain cavity size
decreased teeth size
smaller eye sockets
rounder jaw
16. The placing of information or objects into groups based on certain similarities is _____. (1 point)
biochemical analysis
classification
phylogeny
speciation
17. The science of grouping and naming organisms is _____. (1 point)
classification
phylogeny
nomenclature
taxonomy
Note: Your teacher will grade your responses to questions 18–21 to ensure you receive proper credit for your answers.
18. How do scientists learn about organisms of the past when studying fossils? (2 points)
19. Summarize Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. (2 points)
20. Describe three adaptations primates have for dwelling in trees. (3 points)
21. What are three advantages of using scientific names for organisms? (3 points)