Do you need a license to ride a road bike on the road in West Virginia.?

If it is a human-powered bike (bicycle), then no. If it is a motorized vehicle (motorcycle), then yes.
 
I'm not from West Virginia, but I would strongly suspect that you would need a license in all 50 states to ride any motorized vehicle on the public roads.
A bicycle? Go for it - just wear a helmet and be careful.
 
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