Probably a lot of countries would go to war. There would be maybe even world chaos and we would have another financial crisis because we have not got enough alternative energy sources in use. However countries like Australia would probably stop selling all coal and use the rest of it while starting up alternative fuel sources. Countries like china, India, and japan to go to war with us so we would quickly have to make alliances and separate our friends from our foes.
As for the worlds energy source each country would have to use different types of renewable energy sources depending on their terrain, climate and environmental conditions etc.. and transportation such as cars, planes and boats etc.... would completely change from using fossil fuels to renewable sources.