Your post is exactly the reason why Muslims in the middle east are so quick to respond in violence and frustration over tiny sparks. It's the absolute lack of understanding and willing to understand their culture and faith from the Western world that these issues continue to erupt.
First thing you need to understand about the Quran is that it was written in Arabic and is only ever translated from Arabic directly to another language, ie, Arabic to English, Arabic to Urdu, Arabic to Spanish, Arabic to Turkish, etc. The Arabic language is spoken completely differently than English as well as the context used to describe things. After having personally studied the Quran heavily for the past couple years, let me correct your statements and include the context in which they are used by referencing from the Yusuf Ali translations of the Quran which have been most widely accepted:
3:157: "And if ye are slain, or die, in the way of Allah, forgiveness and mercy from Allah are far better than all they could amass."
The meaning? The "way of Allah" doesn't only apply to war. It implies any act of worship. For example, Muslims are taught that if you were to die while in prayer, you would ascend directly to heaven. Waging war, let alone violence, is always referred to as the last option. When placed in harm's way and you can't get steer away from it, you are thus provided the right to defend yourself and your religion in the name of God. It's the same exact concept in Christianity and Judaism. Don't fool yourself.
2:216: "Jihad [Qital] is ordained for you (Muslims), though you dislike it. But it is possible that you dislike a thing which is good for you, and like a thing which is bad for you. But God knows, and you know not."
The meaning? The verse you posted is completely off. Most English translations used the term "Jihad", which is a holy war in the name of God. Just like the Christians waged the Crusades as their holy war, it's no different. They all believed their deaths would take them directly to heaven as well. Besides, even "Jihad" is a very weak translation since "Qital" refers specifically to "physical combat within a holy war". The verse, in CONTEXT, says one must learn to defend themself when needed. As for a holy war, no one can just get up and say "I hereby declare a holy war". Only the prophets of God, and the prophet Muhaofftopicd, peace be unto them, had that right. Therefore, it is not applicable today. Also, not all Arabic words have direct English translations.
4:103: "When ye pass (Congregational) prayers, celebrate Allah´s praises, standing, sitting down, or lying down on your sides; but when ye are free from danger, set up Regular Prayers: For such prayers are enjoined on believers at stated times."
Do I need to even correct your translation? Where the hell were you looking?
Some websites out there will just conveniently misconstrue a word here and there in a verse and voila, you have now just completely changed the entire meaning of the verse or even the chapter. It's called propaganda, you should be smarter than that. Islam incorporated one of the very first democracies in the world while Europe was still being ruled by kings, queens, emperors and was practically in a state of dictatorship. The Muslims ruled over Jeruselum for 800 years where Christians, Jews and Muslims all lived in harmony by the efforts of Sulaiman the Great. It wasn't until the unofficial separation of Israel and Palestine where Zionist-Jews took it back and began a bloody war against the Muslim portion of the population. This is still happening today and no solid efforts have been made to correct this issue. That's why you have a lot of pissed off Arabs and Muslims on the other side of the world. Their families are getting slaughtered every day yet they fail to appear on any American or British media.
Regardless, we are all human and full of emotion at the end of the day. The Quran speaks about never accusing someone without evidence and how Muslim rulers must always be just, not over stepping their authority, as well as forbidding rulership through lineage/bloodline, but only through election. Leave it alone, learn to open a book yourself and read it, Google and Wikipedia won't always give you reliable answers.